在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作或生活中,，大家總少不了接觸作文或者范文吧，通過文章可以把我們那些零零散散的思想,，聚集在一塊,。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的范文嗎？以下是小編為大家收集的優(yōu)秀范文,，歡迎大家分享閱讀,。

初三首字母填空訓(xùn)練 中考首字母填空及真題篇一

一

從歷代詞話中所涉及的欣賞問題的一些材料來看，對(duì)于詞作的欣賞,，主要是指對(duì)于作品澄心息慮的靜觀默想及揣摩玩味,。角度上則有意、境,、調(diào),、格、聲,、色,、味、神,、骨,、體、趣諸端,。而對(duì)于詞作之色,、味、神等問題,，特別是在清代詞話,，可以來看一看。

論色,。沉謙(論詞雜說):「白描不可近俗,，修飾不得太文，生香真色,，在離即之間,，不特難知，亦難言,?！?/p>

王士禛(花草蒙拾):「花間字法，最著意設(shè)色,?！?/p>

先著(詞潔)評(píng)晏幾道(南鄉(xiāng)子):「小詞之妙,，如漢魏五言詩(shī)，其風(fēng)骨興象,，迥乎不同,。茍徒求之色澤字句間，斯末矣,。然入崇,、宣以后，雖情事較新,，而體氣已薄,，亦風(fēng)氣為之，要不可以強(qiáng)也,?！?/p>

吳衡照(蓮子居詞話):「飛卿(菩薩蠻)云:『江上柳如煙，雁飛殘?jiān)绿??！?更漏子)云:『銀蠋背，繡簾垂,。夢(mèng)長(zhǎng)君不知,。』(酒泉子)云:『月孤明,，風(fēng)又起,，杏花稀?！蛔餍×?，若不“似”此著色取致，便覺寡味,?！?/p>

謝章廷:「設(shè)色，詞家所不廢也,。今試取溫尉與夢(mèng)窗較之,，便知仙凡別矣,。蓋所爭(zhēng)在風(fēng)骨,，在神韻。溫尉生香活色,，夢(mèng)窗所謂七寶樓臺(tái),，所折不成片段。又其甚者,，則浮艷耳,。阮亭揣摩花間,，沾沾于『？』,、『苣』一二字義,，是猶見其表而遺其里歟。須知『檀巒金碧,，婀娜蓬萊』未必便低便俗于『寶函鈿雀,，畫屏鷓鴣』，亦視驅(qū)遣者造詣何如耳,?！?/p>

沈祥龍(論詞隨筆):「詞不宜過于設(shè)色，亦不宜過于白描,。設(shè)色則無骨,，白描則無采。如粲女試妝,，不假珠翠而自然濃麗,，不洗鉛華而自然淡雅，得之矣,?！?/p>

論味。毛大可(鶴門詞序):「大抵詞必有意有調(diào)有聲有色人人知之,。若別有氣味,，在聲色之外，則人罕知者,?！?/p>

孫麟趾(詞逕):「學(xué)問到至高境界，無可言說,。詞之高妙,，在氣味，不在字句也,。

論神,。田同之(西圃詞說):「詞以神氣為主。取韻者,，次也;縷金錯(cuò)采,，其末耳?！?/p>

沈祥龍(論詞隨筆):「詞韶麗處,，不在涂脂抹粉也，誦東坡『冰肌玉骨,，自清涼無汗,，水殿風(fēng)來暗香滿』句,，自覺口吻俱香;悲慨處，不在嘆逝傷離也,，誦耆卿『漸霜風(fēng)凄緊,，關(guān)河冷落，殘照當(dāng)樓』句,，自覺神魂欲斷,。蓋皆神不在跡也?！?/p>

二

李漁(窺詞管見)：「曲宜耐唱,，詞宜耐讀。耐唱與耐讀有相同處,，有絕不相同處,。蓋同一字也,，讀是此音,，而唱入曲中，全與此音不合者,，故不得不為歌兒體貼,，寧使讀時(shí)礙口，以圖歌時(shí)利吻,。詞則全為吟誦而設(shè),，止求便讀而已。便讀之法,，首忌韻雜,，次忌音連，三忌字澀,?！?/p>

徐渭曰：「讀詞如冷水澆背，陡然一驚,，便是興觀群怨,，應(yīng)是為傭言借貌一流人說法。夫溫柔敦厚,，詩(shī)教也;陡然一驚,，固是詞中佳境?！?/p>

其次,，對(duì)于誦讀的目的,、功能,、意義,，有了比較深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)。謝元淮(填詞淺說)：「四聲平仄,、呼吸抑揚(yáng),，均有自然之妙。即平素不習(xí)工尺者,，能于照譜填成之后,，反復(fù)吟哦，自有會(huì)心愜意處,。大略陰平宜搭上聲,，陽(yáng)平宜搭去聲，不必拘泥死法,。昔人謂孟浩然詩(shī),，諷詠之久，有金石宮商之聲,。詩(shī)尚如此,，詞可忽哉!」

讀詞的主要目的，不但是為了欣賞前人詞作,，而且也是為了指導(dǎo)自己創(chuàng)作,。陳廷焯(白雨齋詞話)：「熟讀溫、韋詞,，則意境自厚;熟讀周,、秦詞，則韻味自深;熟讀蘇,、辛詞,，則才氣自旺;熟讀姜、張?jiān)~,，則格調(diào)自高;熟讀碧山詞,，則本原自正，規(guī)模自遠(yuǎn),。本是以求風(fēng)雅,，何必遽讓古人?！?/p>

蔣兆蘭(詞說)：「作詞當(dāng)以讀詞為權(quán)輿,。聲音之道，本乎天籟,，協(xié)乎人心,。詞本名樂府，可被管弦。今雖音律失傳,，而善讀者,，輒能鏘洋和韻，抑揚(yáng)高下,，極聲調(diào)之美,。其瀏亮諧順之調(diào)固然，即拗澀難讀者,，亦無不然,。及至聲調(diào)極熟，操管自為,，即聲響隨文字流出,，自然合拍!」

再次，比較全面地論述誦讀詞作的方式方法,。孫麟趾(詞逕)：「閱詞者不獨(dú)賞其詞意,，尤須審其節(jié)奏。節(jié)奏與詞意俱佳,，是為上品,。」

(華雨庵詞話)：「讀詞之法,，心細(xì)如發(fā),。先屏去一切閑思雜慮，然后心向之,，目注之,，諦審而咀味之，方見古人用心處,。若全不體會(huì),，隨口唱去，何異老僧誦經(jīng),，乞兒丐食,。」

況周頤(蕙風(fēng)詞話)：「讀詞之法,，取前人名句,、意境絕佳中，而涵泳玩索之,。吾性靈與相浹而俱化,，乃真實(shí)為吾有，而外物不能奪,。三十年前,，以此法為日課,，養(yǎng)成不入時(shí)之性情，不遑恤也,?！褂衷疲骸笇W(xué)填詞，先學(xué)讀詞,。抑揚(yáng)頓挫,，心領(lǐng)神會(huì),。日久,，胸次郁勃，信手拈來,，自然豐神諧懷矣,。」

夏敬觀(蕙風(fēng)詞話詮評(píng))：「讀詞不成腔,，不能知腔調(diào)音節(jié)之要處,，故必得讀之訣而后可。韻味在表者,，見詞之字句可知;韻味在內(nèi)者,，非讀不悟也。音節(jié)要處,，在平仄及四聲,，在句豆，如一領(lǐng)二,、二領(lǐng)一,、一領(lǐng)三等等。又凡文義二字相連者,，不可離而為二;一領(lǐng)二,，不可連而為三，諸如此類是也,。平上去入四聲,，自有分別，音須分清,。此非謂填詞必墨守成規(guī)四聲也,，但填詞時(shí)必須四聲不混耳?！?/p>

最后,，對(duì)于閱讀詞作所引發(fā)的美感享受，有了初步的認(rèn)識(shí),。劉存仁(賭棋山莊詞話序)：「取竹垞(詞綜)讀之,，曼聲綽態(tài)，囀玉圓珠，使人蕩氣回腸魂銷而不能已,?！?/p>

蔣敦復(fù)(芬陀利室詞話)：「嘗謂詞之感人甚于詩(shī)，王夢(mèng)樓太守序(穆堂詞)云：訪余于京口快雨堂,，錄所作詞數(shù)首見示,，余適有所感，讀之忽至泣下,。余皈依空門十馀年,，神情寂寞，而穆堂之詞,，能動(dòng)余若此,，其所詣可知已。然詞能動(dòng)人若此,，彼詩(shī)之不能動(dòng)人者,，其所詣不愈可知耶?！?/p>

三

對(duì)于詞的創(chuàng)作技巧,，歷代詞話通常采取三言兩語(yǔ)點(diǎn)到為止的方式，要言不繁,，同時(shí)列舉大量作品和創(chuàng)作實(shí)例,，給人以親切的體會(huì)，不但有助于創(chuàng)作,，也有助于對(duì)詞作的欣賞和理解,。其中要訣和禁忌的記載論述，雖偶有故弄玄虛之弊,，代大體上還是可以參考的,，更有價(jià)值的是，這些記敘描述了詞作家創(chuàng)作的人文環(huán)境,，對(duì)于理解歷代詞作,，有非常重要的意義。

創(chuàng)作,，首先是主體的一種有意識(shí)活動(dòng),。劉熙載(藝概.詞曲概):「詞當(dāng)合其人之境地以觀之?！顾^知人論世,，所謂「血管中出來的都是血」，都是說,，主體的素質(zhì),、境地,、習(xí)性、地位,、遭遇等等,，對(duì)于創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)有非常密切的關(guān)系。

過去詞話對(duì)于主體的素質(zhì)性情天分等因素和創(chuàng)作的關(guān)系,，有非常深入的論述,。首先，詞話家們認(rèn)為,，創(chuàng)作主體的天賦,，是影響創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)的一個(gè)重要因素。(靈芬館詞話):「余嘗謂詞在難易之間,，茍性所不近,，雖竭盡心力為之而不工,，亦有偶然學(xué)之即合者,。」陳廷焯(白雨齋詞話):「故知東坡,、白石具有天授,，非人力所可到?！?/p>

但是天生的詞人畢竟是少數(shù),，主要是在后天所形成的素質(zhì)、性情,、性格,、氣質(zhì)等因素，對(duì)創(chuàng)作也有很大的影響,。王士禎曾仿漢揚(yáng)雄「詩(shī)人之賦,、詞人之賦」舊說，提出了創(chuàng)作主體間的差異:「有詩(shī)人之詞有詞人之詞,。詩(shī)人之詞,，自然勝引，托寄高曠,，如虞山,、曲周、吉水,、蘭陽(yáng),、新建、益都諸公是也,。詞人之詞,，纏綿蕩往,，窮纖極隱，則凝父,、遐周,、莼僧、去矜,、諸君而外,。此理正難簡(jiǎn)會(huì)?！灌u祇謨引況周頤(蓼園詞選序):「詞之為道,，貴乎有性情，有襟期,，涉世少,，讀書多?！咕科鋵?shí),，作詞并非易事，既須天分,，也須性情,、襟期、學(xué)問,。

周濟(jì)(宋四家詞選目錄序論)評(píng)陳允平(八寶裝):「西麓和平婉麗,，最合世好。但無健舉之筆,，沉摯之思,，學(xué)之必使生氣汨喪?！?/p>

主體的性格,、情懷影響詞的創(chuàng)作，從創(chuàng)作中也能看出主體性格,，而創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)也可以影響乃至改變主體的氣質(zhì),。田同之(西圃詞說)(疑為引述他人之語(yǔ)):「填詞亦各見其性情。性情豪放者,，強(qiáng)作婉約語(yǔ),，畢竟豪氣未除。性情婉約者,，強(qiáng)作豪放語(yǔ)不覺婉態(tài)自露,。」謝章鋌(賭棋山莊詞話)續(xù)編三認(rèn)為:「余謂此秋珊言,，以寫其不平耳,。夫人文合一,，理所固然，究之人自有人之性,，文自有文之體,，凡秋珊所言者，其故在不深于情耳,。深于情,，則剛無不柔，直無不曲,，當(dāng)于性中求情之用,，若徒求柔求曲，則詞格未工,，而心術(shù)或先病矣,。」

但主體的性情,、氣質(zhì)等因素的形成,，又無不與其生活遭遇有關(guān)。因而,，創(chuàng)作主要地還是決定于主體的生活遭遇,。曾豐(知嫁翁詞集序):「歌則雜出于無賴不羈之士,，率情性而發(fā)耳,。禮儀歸歟否也,，不計(jì)也,?！闺m然曾豐是想批評(píng)這些歌詞不合道德的,，但他卻講出了主體與創(chuàng)作間某種相關(guān)關(guān)系的普遍規(guī)律,。詞為儒者馀事,，作詞不能當(dāng)飯吃,，故只有賴無聊或無事的閑人畸人高人才有心情和時(shí)間精益求精地去作詞,。田同之(西圃詞說自序)則以自己為例,，具體地說明了這一規(guī)律:「忽忽數(shù)十年,，沉困于制舉藝，不暇兼及.....今老矣,，臥病巖間,，無所事事，復(fù)流連于宋之六十家中,，勉強(qiáng)效顰,，以寄情性?！?/p>

發(fā)憤而作不平則鳴文章憎命達(dá),，前代的詩(shī)文論中,，對(duì)于主體的不幸遭遇或坎坷經(jīng)歷與創(chuàng)作的關(guān)系，早有論述,。歷代詞話繼承了這一觀點(diǎn),，并有所深化及發(fā)展。明許孚遠(yuǎn)(升庵長(zhǎng)短句序):「天生異材,，投之閑寂,，困之厄窮，達(dá)觀造化之理,，探索經(jīng)史之蘊(yùn),，經(jīng)綸滿腹，無所發(fā)泄于致主匡時(shí)之略,，而僅著為文詞,。其縱橫變化，窮極綺麗,，有以也,。然則尚論先生者，當(dāng)先知其人品與其學(xué)術(shù),，而后可以讀其文詞,。長(zhǎng)短句，文之末流也,，先生蓋出其馀力為之,，而非所以先也?！箺钌鞅环胖鸬皆颇?，「致主匡時(shí)」當(dāng)然談不上了，于是退而求其次,，弄起文詞來,。中國(guó)文人總有一種修齊治平情結(jié)，文學(xué)被看成是第二位的東西,，被作為發(fā)牢騷的工具,。于是有了「發(fā)憤著書」說。小詞原為遣興娛賓的輕松玩藝兒,，現(xiàn)在卻成了「厄窮」的產(chǎn)物,。

馮金伯(詞苑萃編)引陳子龍?jiān)?「宋人歡愉愁苦之致，動(dòng)于中而不能抑者,，類發(fā)于詩(shī)馀,，故其所造獨(dú)工?！拱褮g愉也包括進(jìn)來,，比較全面,。浙西派后學(xué)吳錫麒(張淥卿露華詞序)說:「昔歐陽(yáng)公序圣俞詩(shī)，謂窮而后工,，而吾謂唯詞尤甚,。蓋其蕭寥孤奇之旨，幽瓊獨(dú)造之音,，必與麈事罕交,，冷趣相恰，而后托ㄠ弦而徐引,，激寒吹以自鳴,，天籟一通，奇弄乃發(fā),。若夫大酒肥魚之社,，眼花耳熱之娛，又豈能習(xí)其鏗鏘,，諧諸節(jié)奏?」太平發(fā)福之人,，優(yōu)游卒歲，那里還會(huì)寫什幺詞?窮而后工,，是詩(shī)詞的共同規(guī)律,。李佳(左庵詞話):「韓子云:『歡笑之詞難工，艱苦之言易好,?！辉?shī)文皆然，詞亦何莫不然,。統(tǒng)觀諸作,，凡泛泛應(yīng)酬，空空寫景,，半屬平平。若騷客勞人,，俯仰古今,，溯洄身世，自罔不情味雋永,，令讀者百回不厭,。」就是說,，歡樂之詞即使寫了,，也屬平平，沒什幺意思,。

當(dāng)然,，這種人生遭遇,，還必須通過主體的心境才能起作用。這就是所謂「詞心」,。馮煦(蒿庵論詞):「少游以絕塵之才,，早與勝流，不可一世,，而一謫南荒,，遽喪靈寶。故所為詞,，寄慨身世,，閑雅有情思，酒邊花下,，一往而深,，而怨悱不亂，悄乎得小雅之遺,，后主而后,，一人而已。昔張?zhí)烊缯撓嗳缰x云:『他人之賦,，賦才也,。長(zhǎng)卿，賦心也,?！挥栌谏儆卧~亦云:『他人之詞，詞才也,。少游,，詞心也?！坏弥趦?nèi),，不可以傳，雖子瞻之明雋,，耆卿之幽秀,，猶若有瞠乎后者，況其下邪,?！箾r周詒(蕙風(fēng)詞話):「吾聽風(fēng)雨，吾覽江山,，常覺風(fēng)雨江山外有萬(wàn)不得已者在,。此萬(wàn)不得已者，由吾心醞釀而出，即吾詞之真也,，非可強(qiáng)為,，亦無庸強(qiáng)求。視吾心之醞釀何如耳,。吾心為主,，而書卷輔也。書卷多,，吾言尤易出耳?！?/p>

「詞心」這一問題的提出,，是對(duì)于創(chuàng)作主體的更深一步的分析。如果說,，所謂「賦家之心」,，主要是指作者的懷抱，那幺,，「詞家之心」,，則是主體生命的體現(xiàn)。如果說,，宋代以來的詩(shī)歌,，更多地承擔(dān)了應(yīng)酬或應(yīng)景的任務(wù)，那幺宋代以來的詞作,，則更

[1][2][3][4][5]下一頁(yè)

初三首字母填空訓(xùn)練 中考首字母填空及真題篇二

2014年上海中考英語(yǔ)改革解析——首字母

★字母section 解題秘籍

▲答題步驟：

– 閱讀全文（粗讀和細(xì)讀）

– 判斷所缺單詞詞性

– 填出使文章完整通順的單詞

– 檢查所填單詞的數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)

▲解題重點(diǎn)：

– 詞性（尤其是長(zhǎng)句）,；

– 上下文；

– 固定搭配

– 積累高頻詞匯,；復(fù)查語(yǔ)法

▲注意事項(xiàng)： 會(huì)判斷詞性,，具備分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分能力 2 關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)（時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài),，人稱,，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，形容詞副詞的級(jí)）

3一般全文中5-6個(gè)單詞相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單,，可順利填出 要學(xué)會(huì)猜測(cè)單詞,，不留空格 不要在一時(shí)拿不定主意的詞上糾纏

▲解題難點(diǎn)：

考綱詞匯生僻或冷門詞匯；

一詞多義的詞,；

實(shí)戰(zhàn)秘籍揭示：

1.關(guān)注特征題目

i.具特征：l_____, h_____, s______, b______,a____........，……....或t___......,…...(前后半句有反意的信息)果斷填寫

（13普陀）it was quite difficult, and i had to study very hard.l 88 , i got a good mark in the exam in the end.(13浦東一模)h __90__ , ross anderson, a computer security engineer at the university of cambridge, thinks the i_ _91__ could put microsoft in big trouble.(13浦東二模)it’s not easy for us to forgive(原諒)someone who has ever hurt you or made you disappointed.h 86 , several new studies say that it could be good for your health.(11上海)b____96____, you need to make up a story.（13長(zhǎng)寧）a___87___ he had not seen it for more than 20 years, he recognized it immediately.（13奉賢）a____89____ the internet has made our world better in many ways, in some ways it can be a bad .具特征much/even______ … than… 加形容詞比較級(jí)

（13奉賢）the internet makes it much e____86____ for people to search for information.（13松江）“goods online are often much c _ also saves me a lot of time.(13楊浦)some pop groups find that m 86 people listen to their songs on their mobile phones than they do on many people have mobile phones that sometimes you don’t know when your phone rings.（13楊浦二模）when there is only one parent, of course the responsibilities of looking after the children are much h____89____ for him or .具特征w______ doing i______ of doing(13崇明)you will be able to review your teacher’s lecture w___92___ even getting online again.（崇明二模）one family in the uk went “back in time” to see what life was like w 96 having all the modern .具特征w______ a or b e______ a or b（中考模擬）in this way, they could find out w_______ the stranger was a friend or an enemy.（13閘北二模）in all, 50% of wayview students get to school in a vehicle, e 88 the bus or a car.v.關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折詞 in fact, but, however 一般前后意思相反

（崇明二模）“l(fā)ife is speeding ne is becoming unwell.” this may sound like something someone would say t in fact, an unknown person who lived in rome in ad 53 wrote .具顛覆整句句意的詞：h____, s_____, r_____(中考模擬)80% british people who take part in the survey feel that their neighbours h_____ pay attention to others’ feelings.（12徐匯）“i don’t see what’s so interesting about these streets are too narrow---i could h___91___ drive my car down them.(12靜安)at home, girls learned washing, cooking, dancing, and the basics of taking care of a children s 91 attended school.（13虹口二模）i like driving, just out of ’s lucky that i s________ drive without a i can earn three or four thousand yuan a month .具修飾整句子的副詞: r_____, e_____(中考模擬)but have all these developments r 93 improved the quality of our lives?(12浦東)nobody knows e 88 how many hutongs there are in nowadays beijing.2.注意平行結(jié)構(gòu)

a and b 特點(diǎn) 1詞性相同 ii意思相近or 相反

變式：逗號(hào), or, but, better than, rather than, from a to b（13普陀）i got on the plane with ten other took off from the runway and c 90 higher and higher.（13奉賢）but remember to use the internet p____92____ and wisely.（13崇明）in an online classroom your teacher’s lecture is written rather than s___88_____.(12上海)cycling with a large guided group is better than r____92 ____ alone.(12 黃浦)later, i knew an exam was a kind of competitions, there are always w 90 and losers.（13浦東一模）microsoft is developing a new software that could accurately guess your name, your age, your s 87 and possibly even your location.（11楊浦）“don’t throw out your o 93 running are better than modern ones,” the study suggests.（13浦東二模）they also have fewer headaches, l 90 blood pressure(血壓), and fewer problems on sleeping.(12寶山)it has one hundred and three levels and six thousand five hundred rs can ride in one of seventy-three elevators that take them from the b__87__ to very near the top of the of these elevators are very fast, reaching the eightieth floor in only forty-five seconds.3．合理判斷詞性(動(dòng)詞注意時(shí)態(tài),，名詞注意單復(fù)數(shù))★名詞

（12浦東）but if we connected all the hutongs together, their total l 89 would even be longerthan the famous great wall, which is about 4,000 miles.（13靜安二模）you can even look on the internet at sites such as you can have an e 92 of things you have for something else that you would like to have.★形容詞

（13普陀）my parents visited space last year, but i was too y 86 to go with them.i admit that for a few seconds i felt a little n 91 when i sat in the space shuttle.（12靜安）in the renaissance period(文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期)(1500-1650), people became interested in higher wanted to learn the a 86 languages such as greek and latin – languages that were used in the old times, and study mathematics, science, and so universities were set up during the 16th century.(11靜安)don’t feel ’s not your fault（過錯(cuò)）!being bullied can make you feel very l 93___ and angry, but you are not alone.（13閔行二模）in the northeast and middle west, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other in these states have more heart trouble because of the c____86____ weather in february or march.（13閔行二模）low air pressure(壓力)may make people leave more bags on buses and in shops on low air pressure days.(12徐匯)“it’s really s___87___---we’re in the middle of one of the biggest cities in the world, but in these hutongs it feels as if we are in a village in the countryside.★動(dòng)詞原形or一.過

（13松江一模）“middle school students should pay more attention to their ing for things w 92 their time.”

（13閘北一模）many online stores o 87 abig discount(打折)and free delivery service.(13浦東二模)on the other hand, studies p 87 that something like anger can change you（12靜安二模）university education was a privilege(特權(quán))of the were not allowed to attend and poor people could not a 87 to go.★動(dòng)詞過去分詞（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）特征：be動(dòng)詞+v(p.p)+(by)（13松江二模）beyond supermarkets, barcodes are n 89 everywhere: for renting cars, for luggage checks on a plane, for parcels you send;（13閔行二模）are you feeling sad, tired, unhappy or hard to remember things today? if you have one of the above feelings, it may be c____92____ by weather because weather influences people’s health, intelligence and feelings.（12黃浦二模）in africa, when an antelope(羚羊)wakes up every morning, the first thing it thinks about is, “i must be able to run faster than the fastest lion, or i will be k 86.”（12靜安二模）he might study at different universities and since(既然)the teaching was all d 88 inlatin, it didn’t matter(v.= be important)which country he studied in.（13長(zhǎng)寧二模）in many countries, oral storytelling is still important, but in most countries now, stories are written down and p 88 in books.★副詞

（13長(zhǎng)寧）the package consisted of a long, narrow box, c___86___wrapped(包裝)in brown paper.（13閘北）young students are e 91 attracted by advertisements on the internet and buy things they don’t need.★疑問詞

（13閘北）“i like eating duck neck very much and i often buy it on taobao from shops in ’s much more delicious than w 90 our local stores sell.”

（13楊浦）now you can have a different sound for every person you address book is used to find out w 91 is calling.（12松江）now speaking the foreign language is w 87 most people want.4.注意固定搭配

pay a_____ to 關(guān)注 f_______ on an interesting person 關(guān)注一個(gè)有趣的人

a_____ wine to the recipe 把紅酒加入菜譜

by h______用手寫 be on s_____ 大甩賣 to my s_______ 讓我吃驚的是

be so d_____ from 與…如此不同 be the s______ as 與…相同

it o us good opportunities to meet people from other countries, learn about their c_____ and c_______.它給我們提供和其他國(guó)家人見面,，學(xué)習(xí)他們的文化和習(xí)俗的好機(jī)會(huì)

in p_____ 在公眾場(chǎng)合 financially i________ 經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立

have no i______ in following fashion 對(duì)追逐時(shí)尚不感興趣—> show great i_____ in…

be l_____ / c_____ to … 連接到。。b____,= in a_____, 除此之外 b_____ a and b 在兩者之間 l______ traffic 交通通暢

be n_____ about 對(duì),。,。緊張 he feels so f______ 感到如此驚恐

be p_____ with 對(duì)。,。耐心 be c_____ with 對(duì),。。小心（13楊浦）

make their teachers feel w_______ 使他們的老師感到擔(dān)憂

think about c_____ for help 想到求助他人

be more l______ to do 更有可能做 keep his p______ 信守諾言

a_____ the world= t_______ the world 整個(gè)世界

share many life e_________ 分享很多生活經(jīng)歷

get into the h______ 養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣 are f______ with 你所熟悉的,。,。

do r______ on the internet 在網(wǎng)上做調(diào)查 be f______ for 以… 而著名

be f_____ of =be k_____ on喜愛 be a_____ with sb.對(duì)… 生氣 be m____ up of 由…組成

be l_____ in/on 坐落于… be p____/s______ with 對(duì)…滿意

have a s _ of public manners 有公共道德的意識(shí) do something in e_______ 做些事作為交換

to my s_______ 讓我感到驚奇的是

travel for s_______ 觀光旅行

search for the a_____/k______ to the mysteries of space 尋找太空秘密的答案

初三首字母填空訓(xùn)練 中考首字母填空及真題篇三

2021專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練之閱讀理解填詞

該題測(cè)試學(xué)生整體把握語(yǔ)段內(nèi)容的能力，又考查學(xué)生掌握相關(guān)語(yǔ)法,、詞形變化和單詞拼寫的能力,。考生需通讀全文,在字里行間捕捉信息,先易后難,既要理清邏輯,又要綜合考慮,。根據(jù)首字母填空考查范圍極廣,可以是英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的方方面面,還可能涉及其他學(xué)科,它要求考生在充分理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上將單詞拼寫出來,并且單詞形式合理,符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范,符合短文需要,。

中考真題精練

2020武漢中考

boyan slat has one huge a goal that could be good for people and a________76 all over the gly, it looks like hes going to m________77 his he was 16dutch engineering student slat was on vacation in greece, and he started to think about all the rubbish that is p________78 onto beaches by oceans around the world are all of plastic—millions of tons of unately, plastic doesnt just takes c________79 to break down(分解).the p________80 situation of the oceans is bad and worrying and slat wanted to do something to change he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the worlds started with an idea for an unusual m________81 to ”catch“ the plastic floating(漂浮)in the water using the natural energy of the left school in 2013 to begin work on his project the ocean , the project r________82 a lot of attention.a year later, he was leading a team of 100 scientists and engineers working on the needed money for this, so he started asking people to d________83 to his project online and raised over $ 2 million!

soon after, slat was named a ”champion of the earth“ by the united nations for his meaningful and v________84 the most important title the un gives to people helping the ocean cleanup also won several awards(獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng))for having one of the best inventions of the d__________85 goes on for hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.2019武漢中考

it was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the red cross.i was invited as a special g______76 to attend the this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(簽名).“i haven’t brought my the p______77 okay?” actually, i knew they wouldn’t r______78.i just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c______79 readers.“certainly,” the young girls readily a______80.i could see they were very course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and of the girls h______81 her fine notebook to me.i turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n________82 and signed my girl read my signature, frowned(皺眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “aren’t you robert char?”

“no,” i told her proudly, “i’m the author of alice adams, the w________83 of two pulitzer prizes.”

the young girl turned to the o________84,shrugged(聳肩)and said, “mary, lend your rubber to me.” at that moment, all my p________85 turned into a bubble(泡泡) then, i always warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself.2018武漢中考

when you re very, very afraid of something, that fear can affect(影響)you and how you live your i was younger,1i saw my cousin f76 onto an ants ants attacked(攻擊)him, and he was c 77 in terrible bites(咬).after that i became very scared of ants.i wouldnt eat outside, and i didnt even like to play outside.i c 78 my bed for ants every when i t 79 thirteen, i decided i couldn’t let my fear get to me.i had to learn to control my fear of ants

first i read a lot about different ants.i didn’t focus on bites, but instead i read about how helpful ants are to the p are really cool!they re hard-working, social, and help bring a81 and nutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))to the help plants grow, clean up decaying(腐爛的)m 82, and help control other insects

next i began to w 83 ants from a safe distance.i started to look at a family of ants in real time on the internet in order to learn how they by little, i felt more c 84 about y i went outside one day and let an ant move onto my hand and t 85 it was okay!now that i know about all the good things ants do, i m not so afraid of them anymore.2017武漢中考

soap is widely used in our lives around the world．once soap was a dangerous﹣to﹣make hair p___ 76 but it is something that it would be difficult to live without today．

soap is everywhere．we use it every day and c 77 it as something important in our lives．

it also has an amazing h 78，in babylon around 2800 b．c．,，the e 79 known soap was made and used．a(chǎn)ncient egyptians also made soap．a(chǎn)t one time,，soap﹣making was not s 80

thats because lye（堿液）b 81 chemical burns or even made people blind in the making process．other dangerous materials were also m 82 with animal fats and oils．later．soap became a 83 in stores and people gradually stopped making it in their homes．

originally（最初），soap was not mainly used for c 84 instead,，it was used as gel（凝膠）for making hair stay in place or smell good．the arabs first made the soap that we know today．

they created colored,，liquid，and hard soaps．they even had soaps which were used for shaving（刮胡子）．soap became peoples f 85 in the late 1800s．a(chǎn)dvertising in europe and the us helped people understand the connection between cleanliness and good health．now．soap is something we wouldnt want to live without．

2016武漢中考

henry was a kind, good father was dead, and his mother was very had a little sister about 2 years wanted to help his mother because she could not a 76 earn

(掙)enough money to buy food for his little day a man gave him a dollar for r 77 the pocketbook which he had could have kept the pocketbook because no one saw him when he found his mother had taught him to be h 78 , and never to keep what did not belong to he gave the pocketbook back to the the dollar he bought a box, three b 79 and some shoe polish(鞋油).he then went to the c80 of the street, and said to everyone whose boots did not look n 81.“polish your boots, please?”

he was so p 82 that gentlemen soon began to notice him, and to let him polish their first day he c83 over 50 cents, which he gave to his mother to buy food he gave her the money, she cried with joy and said, “you are a d 84, good boy, henry.i didn’t know how i could earn enough to buy bread, but now i think we can m 85 to get along quite well.”

henry worked after school every earned almost enough to support his mother and his little sister.模擬精練

a

the bbc recently reported a rise in the use of british english in the like “cheers”, meaning “thank you”, and “mate”, meaning “friend”, are becoming one knows h 51 this has happened, although the success of british films like harry potter may have something to do with h english and american english are a little two are the s 52 in grammar but different in the way they pronounce and spell some ans pronounce words like car, better and sweater with an /er/ at the e53 while british say these words with an /e/.the british way of spelling “color” is “colour” and they write “favorite” a 54 “favourite”.english is the most spoken l 55 in the world because of the british colonies

o 56 covered 25 percent of the some parts of the us, people really like the british accent(口音).the british actor hugh grant, with his british accent, was very s 57 in accent is very popular, and americans often think british accents s 58 very elegant(優(yōu)雅的).maybe this has something to do with the ’t w 59 about the difference between british and american you have exams, it is fine to use the english that you learned f 60 your differences are not so important.b

compassion（同情,，憐憫）is a desire within us to help effort, we can translate compassion into experience last weekend showed me this is t 76.i work part-time in a supermarket across form a building for the old people are our main

c 77 , and its not hard to lose patience over their last sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable untidy man walked up to my register(收款機(jī))with a box of said he was out of cash（現(xiàn)金）, had just m78 into his room, and had nothing in his asked if we could let him have the food on t promised to repay me the next day.i couldnt help staring at him.i w 80 what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way.i had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world.i told him that i was sorry, but store r_______81 didnt allow me to do so.i felt stupid and unkind saying this, but i v 82 my then, another man, s 83 behind the first, spoke anything, he looked more pitiable.”charge it to me," was all he i had been feeling was is soft and safe and sion, on the other hand, is caring in action.i t 84 the second man but told him that was not allowed i reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself.i reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my h85 and taught me compassion.c

as i entered an international high school, all my friends felt surprised at my short is because, my old school thinks teenage y_____76 aren’t the time for looking i coloured my hair the first time, i felt free and international school s______77 to meet my needs.i had a t_____78 education background.i went to public schools, received normal education and was required to follow r______79 like every other , i began to wonder w______80 this education was truly suitable for r, in the new school my high hopes were not a while, i found myself in a surprising situation as i faced was s_____81 the biggest challenge i faced in my education-the freedom to try new the old system, i was strongly advised a______82 trying new in my new school, it worked the opposite way-we had many chances to try new if i f_____83, i must be responsible because i put myself in such y, it led me to get into trouble time went by, i started to find my o______84 fact, none of the education systems in the world are perfect.i am l______85 enough to have a chance to bring great value from both systems a result, ive built a system for myself.d

nothing is impossible to a willing heart.a short video about seven people wearing prosthetic devices(人造裝置)who t________76 on a desert race challenge has become seven disabled people j______77 in the 108-kilometer desert race from may 11 to 14 in dunhuang, northwest china’s gansu of the seven had one leg amputated(截肢),，and o______78 had two legs baojun, a man from luohe, central china’s henan province, the double amputee, said he never i______79 he could take part in the desert race.“it is great, i can do it, and you can also.” “it is easy to say, but walking it is h________80.” cheng the first day, they finished a complete section of 27 kilometers of the race, and on the second day, they finished 20 kilometers.“my legs were painful while i was also met with a very big sandstorm on the s_______81 it was a challenge, we could not give all encouraged each other to continue.” he getting t________82, they rested on the third day and walked on the tongyi walked the longest of the group, a distance of more than 70 leader sunnaicheng said that they had to p________83 through depulation(人煙稀少)areas of the gobi also added that team members challenged themselves and realized their d are good e________85 for everyone to learn ’s up to you how far you you don’t try, you will never know.e

smartphones and e-readers have become more common in recent people think that the days of paper books will be recent surveys have shown that traditional books are still popular a 76 ch company nielsen found that in the uk, sales of e-books are f77 while sales of paper books are surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical r survey of university students from the united states, slovakia(斯洛伐克)and japan also showed that 92 percent of t 78 preferred papere what is b79 paper book comeback?

the most popular reason given was: “ i like to hold the product.” it’s true that paper books bring a very different reading ian students said that they liked the smell of paper students said that they could get a s 80 of accomplishment(成就)when they finished reading a paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of people like to sign their name on the i81 the cover gets bent(彎曲)or there is a stain(污點(diǎn))made on the page from coffee, all the a 82 make the book even more ’s as if readers of paper books make friends with “friendship” people d 83 with books isn’t just sentimental(情感的).research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books t84 also more e 85 end up with headaches or sore eyes while reading e- why not pick up a book and start reading?

f

many people say dolphins are very seem to be able to think, understand, and learn things are they c 76 like humans or more like cats or dogs? scientists say dolphin intelligence is s77 to human intelligence in some ?

like humans, every dolphin has a “name”.it is a special whistle(哨聲).s 78 think dolphins，like people,，“t 79 ” to each other about a lot of things,，such as their age, their feelings, or finding , like humans, dolphins use system of sounds and body language to cunderstanding their conversations is not easy for one “speaks dolphin” yet，but some scientists are trying to ns arc also social live in groups, and they often come to play games from different groups and have f81, just like fact, playing t 82 is something only intelligent animals ns and humans b 83 make plans to get something they the seas of southern brazil, dolphins use an interesting way to get fish are n84 a boat,，dolphins signal(發(fā)信號(hào))to the fishermen to put their nets in the the men can catch a lot of is the advantage for the dolphins? why do they h 85 the men? the dolphins can get some of the fish.g

last week john visited england．he stayed with my said it was a strange visit.“i don’t understand, but i frightened your grandmother a lot．when i a76 , i gave her a

p77 from looked in it and asked me to take it back．then i saw a red spider on the table so i killed it for her and she s 77 very english people like spiders?

“l(fā)ater we went e was painting a shop front, so there was a other stopped me from walking under it and said i must walk a 78 it.i liked the shops and bought a smart umbrella for my father and some new shoes for we got back, i put the shoes on the table and open the umbrella to s79 if it was all grandmother came in and cried out!”

“then i broke a small mirror in the b80 , when i washed my grandmother’s face went w 81.i felt very i left i gave your grandmother some

c82 and there were didn’t like it.i think she was happy i was going.”

i explained to john, “my grandmother f83 the old must not give someone an e 84 purse or they will have no must not kill a ‘money spider’ or the same will it is very unlucky to walk under a ladder and to put new shoes on the open umbrella in a house means someone will die.b85 a mirror brings seven years’ bad luck, and 13 is also a very unlucky were really making my grandmother very afraid of you.”

h

more and more families like to keep dogs as not all dog owners think of o 76 while they are walking their many towns and cities around the world f77 a mess of left behind feces（糞便）from february of this year, a town in france started a new p78 to teach dog owners a government sent about 20 volunteers to search the streets carefully, l 79 for humans who wouldn’t clean up after their volunteers who seemed to have no c____ __80 aim would then move nearer to the pet owner, then start a c________81 to get the dog’s name.“with the name of the dog and its type, we can e82 discover the owner from the registered database(信息庫(kù))held in the town hall” an officer e volunteers would then pick up the dog feces and the package would be p84 to the pet owner’s the past few m 85, the town has seen a 70% decrease(減少)in the amount of dog feces left on public streets.i

a new camera made by a french company can recognize(辨別出) can tell parents at work that their children have r________76 from school, or that the mail has been s_______77 to their can also tell them if a stranger has entered their family m_______78enter a home, the smart camera “recognizes” them and sends i_______79 to the owner’s owner can c________80 to see the video then or if an unknown person enters a home, the camera will send a warning s_______81 on the owner’s is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named lives in paris.“on a friday i was at work, h_______82 a big monthly meeting when my phone first i told myself ‘oh, it must be a w________83 warn,’ but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not ing was happening in my house!”

“i saw a person i did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment.i watched it on the video.i felt quite surprised.i h_______84 back home as fast as possible and called the police on the to the smart camera, the criminal was c________85 soon,” said damien.

初三首字母填空訓(xùn)練 中考首字母填空及真題篇四

a

robot vogel is a p officer in new morning, he was drinking coffee in a ly a man ran in and shouted, “officer!a car is going down the officer vogel ran out of the restaurant and saw a car going at about 25 miles an jumped he was behind it, he turned on his red light and siren(警笛of the road and r vogel got out of his police car and looked driver was a littleseat was his littlechildren were crying.”i want my mommy!“ rocco cried.”but she can't get here, i have the car.“ then he had an idea ”just a minute,“ he told officer vogel.”i can drive.i will go to get her.“ ”no!“ officer vogel said.“you stay with me.”

officer vogel drove rocco and his sister to the police he called theirfrom thehis father was at work and his mother was rocco, and a lot of reporters went to his reporter asked rocco, “what do you want to be when you grow up?” rocco smiled “i want to be a truck driver,” he said.b

one day a man put an ad in most of the newspapers in said that he himself was a young man of ’d like toa girl to be his wife, and the girl must be like the one in books wby somerest ad was at once k by thousands of parents and young s went to shops to look for the books written by bought those books for their daughters as tried to get those books to wanted to know what kind of girl the rich and wise young man long all the books written by maugham were sout and the writer was known all over the was the rich man? it was somerest maugham who put an ad in the newspapers!the ad s, too!

c

up my first job as a students in my class were about sixteen or seventeen years old, only several years than fact, some of them looked older and seemed more like some of them even didn’t listen to me c___3__ in classroom was on the second floor and it was directly above the day, i was writing on the blackboard w____4____ i heard a sudden change in the noise behind was a man standing in the room with half an apple in his lookeda____5____

“who threw this,？”he shouted, looking around the class.“i beg your pardon？”i said.“s___6_____ threw this apple out of the window.” he said,“it landed on my car.”

“who threw an apple out of the window,？”i shouted to the was no a_____7___.“i want the one who threw this.” said the man, “i will be waiting outside for you.”and then he left, slamming(摔)the was silence and i went on w____8____the the end of every lesson, as the bell rang, usually the class were all gone before it finished r___9___, leaving me saying “that's all for today, ”to an empty time, when the bell went for the end of the lesson, no one m___10____.“that's all for today,”i said, “you go first, sir.”said one of the made a nice change, being first out.d

life is not you should learn to enjoy your to stay and are some ways to help you live your life more down all the good can make you as for the bad thinking of not try to with might have a bigger house or a more in your life may be very busy,，you don’t have to do what o7ask you to do each er to tell your family and friends that you love can go hiking in the mountains to can make you can also go to the beach to enjoy beach new ’s always s__10___ new to a book or learn on a computer, they can open your mind to the a helping hand to is also helpful for yourselves and make them happier, and you will be the happiest of all.e

everybody has one of those days when everything goes is what h__1__ to morning, he got up very late because his clock t__2__ to shave(刮臉)quickly and cut he got dressed, he got blood all over his shirt,so he had to find a__3_ only other shirt that was clean n_4__ ironing(熨).while he was ironing it, there was a knock at the was the man to collect money for he paid the water b_5__ and showed the man out, he found the iron had burnt a hole in his he had to wear the one with the blood on it after this time it was very late, so he t_6__ he couldn’t go to work by c_7__ for a taxi to take him to another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was s_8__ to run away in a harry’s taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be s_9__ saw the blood on harry’s shirt, and took him to the police was k__10_ till 3 o’clock the police found out that he was not the man they he finally arrived at the office at about 4 p.m., his boss took a look at him and told him to find another

y

e

ing