每個(gè)人都曾試圖在平淡的學(xué)習(xí),、工作和生活中寫一篇文章。寫作是培養(yǎng)人的觀察,、聯(lián)想,、想象,、思維和記憶的重要手段,。寫范文的時(shí)候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢,?下面是小編幫大家整理的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文,,僅供參考,大家一起來(lái)看看吧,。
都江堰導(dǎo)游詞篇一
都江堰坐落于四川省都江堰市城西,,位于成都平原西部的岷江上。都江堰水利工程建于公元前256年,,是全世界迄今為止,,年代最久、唯一留存,、以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程,。屬全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。都江堰附近景色秀麗,,文物古跡眾多,,主要有伏龍觀、二王廟,、安瀾索橋,、玉壘關(guān)、離堆公園,、玉壘山公園和靈巖寺等,。
都江堰水利工程由創(chuàng)建時(shí)的魚嘴分水堤、飛沙堰溢洪道,、寶瓶口引水口三大主體工程和百丈堤,、人字堤等附屬工程構(gòu)成??茖W(xué)地解決了江水自動(dòng)分流,、自動(dòng)排沙、控制進(jìn)水流量等問題,,消除了水患,,使川西平原成為“水旱從人”的“天府之國(guó)”。兩千多年來(lái),,一直發(fā)揮著防洪灌溉作用,。截至1998年,都江堰灌溉范圍已達(dá)40余縣,,灌溉面積達(dá)到66.87萬(wàn)公頃,。
魚嘴是修建在江心的分水堤壩,把洶涌的岷江分隔成外江和內(nèi)江,,外江排洪,,內(nèi)江引水灌溉,。飛沙堰起瀉洪、排沙和調(diào)節(jié)水量的作用,。寶瓶口控制進(jìn)水流量,,因口的形狀如瓶頸,故稱寶瓶口,。內(nèi)江水經(jīng)過寶瓶口流入川西平原灌溉農(nóng)田,。從玉壘山截?cái)嗟纳角鸩糠郑Q為“離堆”,。
都江堰水利工程充分利用當(dāng)?shù)匚鞅备?、東南低的地理?xiàng)l件,根據(jù)江河出山口處特殊的地形,、水脈,、水勢(shì),乘勢(shì)利導(dǎo),,無(wú)壩引水,,自流灌溉,使堤防,、分水,、泄洪、排沙,、控流相互依存,,共為體系,保證了防洪,、灌溉,、水運(yùn)和社會(huì)用水綜合效益的充分發(fā)揮。都江堰建成后,,成都平原沃野千里,,“水旱從人,不知饑饉,,時(shí)無(wú)荒年,,謂之天府”。四川的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化有很大發(fā)展,。其最偉大之處是建堰兩千多年來(lái)經(jīng)久不衰,,而且發(fā)揮著愈來(lái)愈大的效益。都江堰的創(chuàng)建,,以不破壞自然資源,,充分利用自然資源為人類服務(wù)為前提,變害為利,使人,、地,、水三者高度協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一。
都江堰工程至今猶存,,仍發(fā)揮著工作。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和灌區(qū)范圍的擴(kuò)大,,從1936年開始,,逐步改用混凝土漿砌卵石技術(shù)對(duì)渠首工程進(jìn)行維修、加固,,增加了部分水利設(shè)施,,古堰的工程布局和“深淘灘、低作堰”,,“乘勢(shì)利導(dǎo),、因時(shí)制宜”,“遇灣截角,、逢正抽心”等治水方略沒有改變,,都江堰水利工程成為世界最佳水資源利用的典范。水利專家仔細(xì)觀看了整個(gè)工程的設(shè)計(jì)后,,都對(duì)它的高度的科學(xué)水平驚嘆不止,。比如飛沙堰的設(shè)計(jì)就是很好地運(yùn)用了回旋流的理論。這個(gè)堰,,平時(shí)可以引水灌溉,,洪水時(shí)則可以排水入外江,而且還有排砂石的作用,,有時(shí)很大的石塊也可以從堰上滾走,。當(dāng)時(shí)沒有水泥,這么大的工程都是就地取材,,用竹籠裝卵石作堰,,費(fèi)用較省,效果顯著,。
都江堰這一帶風(fēng)景優(yōu)美,,有不少名勝古跡,又是一處十分理想的游覽勝地,。都江堰一帶有二王廟,、伏龍觀、安瀾索橋等名勝古跡,。
二王廟位于岷江右岸的山坡上,,前臨都江堰,原為紀(jì)念蜀王的望帝祠,齊建武(公元494~498年)時(shí)改祀李冰父子,,更名為“崇德祠”,。宋代(公元960~1279年)以后,李冰父子相繼被皇帝敕封為王,,故而后人稱之為“二王廟”,。廟內(nèi)主殿分別供有李冰父子的塑像,并珍藏有治水名言,、詩(shī)人碑刻等,。
伏龍觀位于離堆公園內(nèi)。傳說李冰治水時(shí)曾在這里降服惡龍,,現(xiàn)存殿宇三重,,前殿正中立有東漢時(shí)期(公元25~220xx年)所雕的李冰石像。殿內(nèi)還有東漢堰工石像,、唐代金仙和玉真公主在青城山修道時(shí)的遺物——飛龍鼎,。
安瀾索橋又名“安瀾橋”、“夫妻橋”,。始建于宋代以前,。位于都江堰魚嘴之上,被譽(yù)為“中國(guó)古代五大橋梁”,,是都江堰最具特征的景觀,。索橋以木排石墩承托,用粗竹纜橫掛江面,,上鋪木板為橋面,,兩旁以竹索為欄,全長(zhǎng)約500米,。明末(公元17世紀(jì))毀于戰(zhàn)火?,F(xiàn)在的橋?yàn)殇撍骰炷翗丁?/p>
都江堰不僅是舉世聞名的中國(guó)古代水利工程,也是著名的風(fēng)景名勝區(qū),。1982年,,都江堰作為四川青城山-都江堰風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的重要組成部分,被國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)列入第一批國(guó)家級(jí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)名單,。20xx年5月8日,,成都市青城山--都江堰旅游景區(qū)經(jīng)國(guó)家旅游局正式批準(zhǔn)為國(guó)家5a級(jí)旅游景區(qū)。
根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)《保護(hù)世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)公約》第一條第二款有關(guān)文化遺產(chǎn)定義的規(guī)定:“建筑物:從歷史,、藝術(shù)或科學(xué)角度看在建筑式樣,、分布均勻或與環(huán)境景色結(jié)合方面具有突出的普遍意義價(jià)值的單體或連接的建筑群”。都江堰水利工程以歷史悠久,、規(guī)模宏大,、布局合理、運(yùn)行科學(xué),與環(huán)境和諧結(jié)合,,在歷史和科學(xué)方面具有突出的普遍價(jià)值,,20xx年聯(lián)合國(guó)世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)第24屆大會(huì)上都江堰被確定為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。
編輯本段名稱由來(lái)
秦蜀郡太守李冰建堰初期,,都江堰名稱叫“湔堋”,,這是因?yàn)槎冀吲缘挠駢旧剑貪h以前叫“湔山”,,而那時(shí)都江堰周圍的主要居住民族是氐羌人,,他們把堰叫做“堋”,都江堰就叫“湔堋”,。
三國(guó)蜀漢時(shí)期,都江堰地區(qū)設(shè)置都安縣,,因縣得名,,都江堰稱“都安堰”。同時(shí),,又叫“金堤”,,這是突出魚嘴分水堤的作用,用堤代堰作名稱,。
唐代,,都江堰改稱為“楗尾堰”。因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)用以筑堤的材料和辦法,,主要是“破竹為籠,,圓徑三尺,以石實(shí)中,,累而壅水”,,即用竹籠裝石,稱為“楗尾”,。
直到宋代,,在宋史中,才第一次提到都江堰:“永康軍歲治都江堰,,籠石蛇決江遏水,,以灌數(shù)郡田?!?/p>
為什么稱都江堰,,都江是哪條江呢?《蜀水考》說:“府河,一名成都江,,有二源,,即郫江,流江也?!绷鹘菣z江的另一種稱呼,,成都平原上的府河即郫江,南河即檢江,,它們的上游,,就是都江堰內(nèi)江分流的柏條河和走馬河?!独ǖ刂尽氛f:“都江即成都江”,。從宋代開始,把整個(gè)都江堰水利系統(tǒng)工程概括起來(lái),,叫都江堰,,才較為準(zhǔn)確地代表了整個(gè)水利工程系統(tǒng),一直沿用至今,。
都江堰導(dǎo)游詞篇二
都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市灌口鎮(zhèn),,是中國(guó)建設(shè)于古代并使用至今的大型水利工程,被譽(yù)為“世界水利文化的鼻祖”,,是全國(guó)著名的旅游勝地,。通常認(rèn)為,都江堰水利工程是由秦國(guó)蜀郡太守李冰及其子率眾于公元前256年左右修建的,,是全世界迄今為止,,年代最久、唯一留存,、以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程,,也是全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。風(fēng)景名勝都江堰水利工程充分利用當(dāng)?shù)匚鞅备?、東南低的地理?xiàng)l件,,根據(jù)江河出山口處特殊的地形、水脈,、水勢(shì),,乘勢(shì)利導(dǎo),無(wú)壩引水,,自流灌溉,,使堤防、分水,、泄洪,、排沙、控流相互依存,,共為體系,,保證了防洪,、灌溉、水運(yùn)和社會(huì)用水綜合效益的充分發(fā)揮,。
都江堰建成后,,成都平原沃野千里,“水旱從人,,不知饑饉,,時(shí)無(wú)荒年,謂之天府”,。四川的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化有很大發(fā)展,。其最偉大之處是建堰兩千多年來(lái)經(jīng)久不衰,而且發(fā)揮著愈來(lái)愈大的效益,。都江堰的創(chuàng)建,,以不破壞自然資源,充分利用自然資源為人類服務(wù)為前提,,變害為利,。都江堰渠首樞紐主要由魚嘴、飛沙堰,、寶瓶口三大主體工程構(gòu)成。三者有機(jī)配合,,相互制約,,協(xié)調(diào)運(yùn)行,引水灌田,,分洪減災(zāi),,具有“分四六,平潦旱”的功效,。 最佳旅游時(shí)間都江堰全年氣溫較高,,年均溫12~20℃,冬暖夏熱,,四季不明顯,,四季皆適宜旅游。歷史文化都江堰的創(chuàng)建,,以不破壞自然資源,,充分利用自然資源為人類服務(wù)為前提,變害為利,,使人,、地、水三者高度協(xié)合統(tǒng)一,,是全世界迄今為止僅存的一項(xiàng)偉大的“生態(tài)工程”,。
開創(chuàng)了中國(guó)古代水利史上的新紀(jì)元,,標(biāo)志著中國(guó)水利史進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新階段,在世界水利史上寫下了光輝的一章,。都江堰水利工程,,是中國(guó)古代人民智慧的結(jié)晶,是中華文化劃時(shí)代的杰作,。都江堰水利工程,。歷經(jīng)2260年而不衰,是當(dāng)今世界年代久遠(yuǎn),、唯一留存,、以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程。它是中國(guó)古代歷史上最成功的水利杰作,,更是古代水利工程沿用至今,,“古為今用”、碩果僅存的奇觀,。與之興建時(shí)間大致相同的古埃及和古巴比侖的灌溉系統(tǒng),,以及中國(guó)陜西的鄭國(guó)渠和廣西的靈渠,都因滄海變遷和時(shí)間的推移,,或湮沒,、或失效,唯有都江堰獨(dú)樹一幟,,有興建源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),,至今還滋潤(rùn)著天府之國(guó)的萬(wàn)頃良田。
由都江堰而產(chǎn)生的具有強(qiáng)烈地域色彩的都江堰水文化包括水文學(xué),、水文物,、水神學(xué)等,諸如“二王廟”,、“伏龍觀”,、“觀景臺(tái)”等處的人文景觀;改建魚嘴挖掘出土的東漢李冰石像和“飲水思源”石刻;歌頌李冰父子降龍治水的民間傳說和具有一定宗教神學(xué)色彩的祭祀活動(dòng);以及由此而產(chǎn)生的祭水、祭神,、祭人的詩(shī),、詞,、書畫的水文學(xué)等,,形成獨(dú)具特色的都江堰水文化。都江堰有塊石碑,,上面刻著“深淘灘,,低作堰”字樣,。
dujiangyan is located in the town of dujiangyan irrigation mouth chengdu city, sichuan province, is china construction in the ancient and use of large water conservancy project, known as "the ancestor of the world water conservancy culture", is the national famous tourist resort. usually think, dujiangyan water conservancy project is by the state of qin shu satrap bing and his son leads to built around 256 bc, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam spanersion of water conservancy project, is also a national key cultural relics protection units. scenic spot dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam spanersion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play.
after the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, " from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit. hub of dujiangyan irrigation system is mainly composed of fish mouth, fly sand dam, baopingkou three major projects. all organic coordination and restraining each other, coordinated operation, water spanersion irrigation fields, the flood disaster reduction, with the effect of "hexagon, flat flow drought". the best travel time dujiangyan annual temperature is higher, annual average temperature 12 ~ 20 ℃, in hot summer and warm winter, the four seasons is not obvious, the four seasons are suitable for tourism. history and culture of dujiangyan to create, not to destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person highly synergistic, land, water, the world has so far only a great "ecological engineering".
ushered in a new era in the history of chinese ancient history of water conservancy, marked the history of water conservancy in china has entered a new stage, wrote a glorious chapter in the history of water conservancy. the dujiangyan irrigation project, is the crystallization of the wisdom of ancient people in china, is an epoch-making masterpiece of chinese culture. the dujiangyan irrigation project. long after 2260 years, the world's very long time, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam spanersion of water conservancy project. it is the most successful in the history of chinese ancient water conservancy works, especially the ancient water conservancy project in use today, "the past", only the wonders. with the construction of roughly the same time than the irrigation system, the family of ancient egypt and cuba and china's shaanxi zhengguo canal and guangxi, the efficacious canal and the passage of time, because of the sea change or annihilation, or failure, only the town of dujiangyan, with the construction of long standing and well established, fertile land, white still moistens land of abundance.
by the dujiangyan with a strong local color of dujiangyan water culture including hydrology, water, water theology relics, such as "two kings temple", "fulong view" and "viewing" in cultural landscape; bing of the eastern han dynasty unearthed stone mining and rebuilding fish mouth "shown" stone carving; sing psalms to bing and his son dragon harnessing of folklore and has certain religious theology color ritual activities; and the resulting offering water, offering god, offering people the poem, ci, calligraphy and painting of hydrology and so on, forming the unique dujiangyan water culture. dujiangyan, a stone tablet, engraved with "deep pan beach, low weir" words.