總結(jié)是對某一特定時(shí)間段內(nèi)的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活等表現(xiàn)情況加以回顧和分析的一種書面材料,，它能夠使頭腦更加清醒,，目標(biāo)更加明確，讓我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)寫總結(jié)吧,。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的總結(jié)嗎,？以下我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)質(zhì)的總結(jié)范文,，希望對大家能夠有所幫助,。

初中語法定語從句詳解總結(jié)篇一

定語從句由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞,、關(guān)系副詞）引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞,、關(guān)系副詞位于定語從句句首,。下面小編為大家?guī)沓踔姓Z法定語從句詳解，僅供參考,，希望能夠幫到大家,。

在復(fù)合句中,，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句,，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,，引導(dǎo)定語從句的有關(guān)系代詞who,whom, whose,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when,why等，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任句子成份,。

1,、由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，who用作主語,，如： this is the boy who often helps me.

2,、由whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whom用作賓語,，如：the man whom you are waiting for has gone home.

3,、由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whose用作定語,，如： do you know the girl whose skirt is white?

4,、由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，which用作主語或謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語或介詞的賓語,，如：

the room in which there is a machine is a work shop.

the river which is in front of my house is very clean.

this is the pen which you want.

（1）whom, which用作介詞賓語時(shí) ,， 介詞可放在 whom、which之前 ,， 也可放在從句原來的位置上;但在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中,，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。如： he is the very person whom we must take good care of.

（2）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),，必須用關(guān)系代詞which,，不用that,如：i have lost

my bag, which i like very much.

（3）關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致,。

5,、由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，that可以指人或物,，在從句中作主語或謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語,，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語，如：

the book that i bought yesterday was written by lu xun.

注意在下面幾種情況下必須用 that引導(dǎo)定語從句,。

（1）先行詞是不定代詞all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等 ,， 如 ：

all that we have to do is to practise english.

（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，如

the first letter that i got from him will be kept.

（3）先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修飾 ,， 如

i've eaten up all the food that you gave me.

（4）先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)如

he is the only person that i want to talk with.

（5）先行詞既有人又有物時(shí),，如:

they talked about persons and things that they met.

（6）當(dāng)句中已有who時(shí) ， 為避免重復(fù) ,， 如 ： who is the man that is giving us the　class?

6.由when, where, why引導(dǎo)的定語從句,，如:

i don't know the reason why he was late.

this is the place where we have lived for 5 years.

i'll never forget the day when i met mr li for the first time.

注意：先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)時(shí),，如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物的'，就用 that（which）,，如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物的,，就用where引導(dǎo)。this is the house which /that he has lived in for 15 years.（where he has lived for 15 year.）

7,、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

（1）限制性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分,，主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)分開。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等,，這些關(guān)系代詞都不能省略,。

（2）非限制性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明 ， 沒有這種從句 ,， 不影響主句意思的完整 ,， 一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開 ， 關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that;指人時(shí)可用who,如 ： i have two brothers, who are both students.

8,、如何簡化定語從句

（1）,、定語從句簡化為形容詞或形容詞短語作后置定語。如:

my grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.

→my grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在離這兒很遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)村子,。

this is a book that is worth reading.

→this is a book worth reading. 這是一本值得看的書,。

（2） 定語從句簡化為現(xiàn)在分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞短語作前置或后置定語。

the man who is standing under the tree is our english teacher.

→the man standing under the tree is our english teacher.

站在樹下面的那個(gè)人是我們的英語老師,。

i saw the house that was burning at that time.→i saw the burning house at that time.

當(dāng)時(shí)我看到那房子在燃燒,。

（3）定語從句簡化為過去分詞短語作后置定語。

i like to see the films which are directed by zhang yimou.→i like to see the films directed by zhang yimou. 我喜歡看張藝謀導(dǎo)演的電影,。

she is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→she is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校會(huì)上受表彰的那個(gè)女孩,。

（4）定語從句簡化為不定式作后置定語。

he is always the first person that comes to school.→he is always the first person to come to school.他總是第一個(gè)到校,。

the report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→the report to be given tomorrow is important to us.明天要作的報(bào)告對我們很重要,。

（5）定語從句簡化為what 從句。

i couldn't remember the words that he said.→i couldn't remember what he said.

我記不得他說的話,。

例 1 the second book ______i want to read is business @ the speed of thought.

a. which b. what c. that d. as

解析 先行詞 book被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句,，故選c。

例 2 i'll never forget the days _____i stayed with you.

a. when b. in which c. that d. for which

解析 本題指時(shí)間,，故選 a,。

例 3 the book______ is sold out at the moment.

a. you need b. what you need

c. which you need it d. that you need it

解析 b、c,、d中的what和it與先行the book相抵觸,，故選a。

例 4 is this the place ______lincoln once lived.

a. that b. which c. where d. when

解析 本題指地點(diǎn)，故選 c,。

例 5 i'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.

a. that is b. who are c. who am d. who is

解析 本題中 who用作主語,，謂語動(dòng)詞與先行詞the boys保持一致，故選b,。

【選講例題】

例 6 her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of english.

a. whom b. that c. which d. who is

解析 非限制性定語從句中 ,， 關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that,但指人時(shí)用who或whom.故選a。

例 7 these book are for students _____ mother language is not english.

a. of whom b. that c. which d. whose

解析 whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,whose用作定語,，故選d,。

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